Lesson 3 of 21 · Part I, Foundations

Fundamental concepts of ML

Data, task, model, algorithm, validation: the ingredients of an ML system, the inductive bias and loss functions.

14 figures to manipulate.

In this lesson

• Machine Learning in the computational setting
• Learning as function approximation
• The ingredients of an ML system
• Inductive bias
• Tasks and loss functions
• Generalization and validation

Other lessons

ML in the Master’s curricula · Generalization and validation · All lessons

Notes by Fabio Piscitelli — Machine Learning (654AA), Prof. Alessio Micheli, University of Pisa, a.y. 2026/27.